Journal: Cell Death & Disease

Article Title: Dysfunction of α2δ4 leads to photoreceptor degeneration through disrupted synaptic mitochondria and calcium crosstalk

doi: 10.1038/s41419-026-08587-3

Figure Lengend Snippet: A , B Confocal images of retinal sections from WT and α2δ4KO mice at ( A ). 2–4 months, and B >1 year stained with anti-PKC-α to label rod bipolar cells (RBCs). Scale bar, 50 μm. C Quantification of the total length of RBC dendritic sprouting within the ONL of WT and KO mice at 2–4 months and >1 year ( n = 4 mice per group). D , E Confocal images of WT and KO retinal sections at ( D ). 2–4 months, and E >1 year stained with anti-secretagogin (Scgn) to label cone bipolar cells (CBCs). Scale bar, 50 μm. F Quantification of total Scgn-positive dendritic sprouting within the ONL in WT and KO mice at 2–4 months and >1 year ( n = 4 mice per group). G , H Confocal images of WT and KO retinal sections at G . 2–4 months, and H >1 year stained with anti-PSD95 to label photoreceptor terminals. Scale bar, 50 μm. I Quantification of the PSD95-labeled area within the ONL of WT and KO retina at 2–4 months and >1 year (n = 4 mice per group). J,K . Confocal images of WT and KO retinal sections triple immunolabeled of PKC-α (green), vGlut1 (red), CTBP2 (blue) at ( J ) 2–4 months and ( K ) >1 year. Insets show higher magnification of retracted photoreceptor terminals colocalizing with sprouted RBC dendrites. Scale bar, 50 μm; inset, 5 μm. L , M Confocal images of WT and KO retinal sections triple immunolabeled of secretagogin (green), vGlut1 (blue), and CTBP2 (red) at L 2–4 months and ( M ) >1 year. Insets show higher magnification of retracted cone terminals colocalizing with sprouted CBC dendrites. Scale bar, 50 μm; inset, 5 μm. Error bars are SEM, unpaired t-test. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001 .

Article Snippet: The following commercial antibodies were used: mouse anti-PKCα (AB11723, Abcam), rabbit anti-PKCα (P4334, Sigma-Aldrich), rabbit anti-secretagogin (RD181120100, BioVendor), sheep anti-secretagogin (RD184120100, BioVendor), rabbit anti-PSD95 (3450, Cell Signaling Technology), mouse anti-PSD95 (MA1-045, Invitrogen), guinea pig anti-vGlut1 (AB5905, Millipore), mouse anti-CTBP2 (612044, BD Biosciences), rabbit anti-cone arrestin (AB15282, Millipore), mouse anti-MtCo1 (AB14705, Abcam), rabbit anti-RYR-2 ( A34455 , antibodies.com), rabbit anti-IP3R1 (07-1213, Millipore), mouse anti-SERCA2 (MA3-910, Invitrogen), mouse anti-MCU (AMAB91189, Sigma Aldrich), mouse anti-CHOP (2895, Cell Signaling Technology), rabbit anti-phospho-elf2a (3398, Cell Signaling Technology), and rabbit anti-elf2a (5324, Cell Signaling Technology).

Techniques: Staining, Labeling, Immunolabeling

Journal:

Article Title: Phospholipase D2 Is Localized to the Rims of the Golgi Apparatus in Mammalian Cells

doi: 10.1091/mbc.02-04-0059

Figure Lengend Snippet: PLD2 localization with different organelles in rat NRK cells. Cells were prepared for immunofluorescence microscopy and incubated with rabbit PLD2 antibody PLD2-27 (A, D, G, and J) and costained with monoclonal antibodies to the ER marker BiP (B); the transferrin receptor (E), a marker of early endosomes and the plasma membrane; and lgp120 (H), a late endosome/lysosomal marker. (K) Cells were stained with caveolin-1, a marker for caveoli; the arrow corresponds to caveolin-1 localized to the plasma membrane. Images were merged to determine overlap between PLD2 (red) and the respective marker proteins (green; C, F, I, and L). Areas of maximal overlap are yellow. (L) Inset, enlargement of the region of overlap between PLD2 and caveolin-1 in the perinuclear Golgi apparatus. The arrow indicates areas where PLD2 puncta (red) either overlap completely with caveolin-1 (green) or are directly adjacent. Images are from projected Z-series. Bars, 10 μm.

Article Snippet: Purified monoclonal anti-rat transferrin receptor antibodies were purchased from Cedarlane Laboratories (Hornby, Ontario, Canada).

Techniques: Immunofluorescence, Microscopy, Incubation, Marker, Staining

Journal: Journal of Virology

Article Title: Dynamics of Virus-Specific Memory B Cells and Plasmablasts following Viral Infection of the Central Nervous System

doi: 10.1128/JVI.00875-18

Figure Lengend Snippet: Virus-specific tdTomato + cells are concentrated in focal white matter tracks along the spinal cord, but rarely form clusters. Representative fluorescent immunohistochemical images of longitudinal spinal cord sections at day 28 p.i. stained for basement membrane laminin (green), nuclear stain DAPI (blue), and endogenous tdTomato expression (red), taken at ×40 magnification from projected Z-stacks of 6.69 μm in depth. The left image illustrates the representative scattered distribution of tdTomato + cells, while the right image depicts a rare cluster of tdTomato + cells. Images are representative of the results for 2 mice. Scale bar = 50 μm.

Article Snippet: Spinal cords were stained as described above using rabbit anti-mouse laminin polyclonal Ab (Cedarlane, Burlington, NC) overnight at 4°C and Alexa Fluor 488 goat anti-hamster Ab (Life Technologies, Grand Island, NY) for 1 h at room temperature.

Techniques: Virus, Immunohistochemical staining, Staining, Membrane, Expressing